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		Formwork Making - Course: Timberwork techniques. Instruction examples for practical vocational training (Institut für Berufliche Entwicklung, 23 p.)
			(introduction...)
			Preliminary Remarks
			Instruction Example 1.1. Prefabrication of Formwork Panels
			Instruction Example 1.2. Ceiling Formwork Making
			Instruction Example 1.3. Strip Foundation Formwork Making
			Instruction Example 1.4. Beam Formwork Making
			Instruction Example 1.5. Column Formwork Making

Instruction Example 1.2. Ceiling Formwork Making

This example serves to practise making of a ceiling formwork in a room of given dimensions.

Material

Formwork boards 25 mm thick
squared timbers 120 mm x 100 mm
round timbers of 150 mm diameter
various wooden wedges
nails of different sizes

Figure

Hand tools and machines

Circular saw, hand saw, hammer, wrecking bar with claw, nail pincers

Measuring and testing means

Folding rule, try square, water level, measuring rod

Auxiliary accessories

Paper, pencil

Necessary previous knowledge

Manual sawing, working with the circular saw, measuring , scribing, nailing, sketching

Explanations to the working drawing

1 walling, 2 trestle timber, 3 formwork bearer, 4 sheeting boards, 5 diagonal (cross) bracing

Sequence of operations

Comments

1. Study the formwork project and/or prepare a formwork sketch.

Dimensions in the instruction example are guidelines only!

2. Make available the required tools and materials.

Use sharpened sawing tools only!

3. Determine the column height and cut up the column.

Six columns are to be produced; the height depends on the height of the room (see Trainees' Handbook)! Cleats for fixing are to be provided at the sides of the columns!

4. Cut the trestle timbers to length.

For an assumed narrow side of the room of 3.5 m three trestle timbers are to be produced!

5. Fix the trestle timbers, cut up and nail diagonal bracing and erect the trestle.

Fix the trestle timbers through the cleats to the columns. Lean the right and left trestles and one side of the centre trestle against the wall! The trestles are to be put to the floor for nailing.

6. Secure the trestles provisionally.

Erect the trestles and drive wedges between the wall and end face of the trestle timbers. 3 persons are required for this work!

7. Level the trestles.

Use water level and levelling board for levelling. Adjust the height of the columns by means of packing wedges. Columns must be exactly perpendicular.

8. Fix the formwork bearers on the trestles.

Cut formwork bearers to length and put them on the trestles at certain intervals (60 to 70 cm). Ensure parallelism! Use nail pins for fixing.

9. Nail on the sheeting boards.

Cut sheeting boards to length and nail them onto formwork bearers. In view of later stripping, do not use nails which are longer than 50 mm!

10. Check the formwork for accuracy to size and for strength.

Make corrections in case of deviations. For bigger rooms place more columns under the trestles.

Ceiling Formwork Making

Sequence of operations	Comments
1. Study the formwork project and/or prepare a formwork sketch.	Dimensions in the instruction example are guidelines only!
2. Make available the required tools and materials.	Use sharpened sawing tools only!
3. Determine the column height and cut up the column.	Six columns are to be produced; the height depends on the height of the room (see Trainees' Handbook)! Cleats for fixing are to be provided at the sides of the columns!
4. Cut the trestle timbers to length.	For an assumed narrow side of the room of 3.5 m three trestle timbers are to be produced!
5. Fix the trestle timbers, cut up and nail diagonal bracing and erect the trestle.	Fix the trestle timbers through the cleats to the columns. Lean the right and left trestles and one side of the centre trestle against the wall! The trestles are to be put to the floor for nailing.
6. Secure the trestles provisionally.	Erect the trestles and drive wedges between the wall and end face of the trestle timbers. 3 persons are required for this work!
7. Level the trestles.	Use water level and levelling board for levelling. Adjust the height of the columns by means of packing wedges. Columns must be exactly perpendicular.
8. Fix the formwork bearers on the trestles.	Cut formwork bearers to length and put them on the trestles at certain intervals (60 to 70 cm). Ensure parallelism! Use nail pins for fixing.
9. Nail on the sheeting boards.	Cut sheeting boards to length and nail them onto formwork bearers. In view of later stripping, do not use nails which are longer than 50 mm!
10. Check the formwork for accuracy to size and for strength.	Make corrections in case of deviations. For bigger rooms place more columns under the trestles.